Juvenile Justice Case Management

Introduction When people who have not attained the age of majority commit crimes, they have to face the criminal justice system for justice to prevail. However, their treatment is somewhat different with that of adult offenders considering the age factor and the fact that some of them may not have the mental capability to perceive the gravity of their actions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile Justice Case Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Over the years, there has been a pressing need for justice systems in various jurisdictions to come up with various techniques of case management as a way of offering assistance to the people who have been convicted for various crimes in jails. While people convicted of various crimes are seen as a threat to society and thus the need to seclude them, it is important to remember that there are various issues especially health matters that affect those incarcerat ed. It is this reason that has necessitated the need of adoption of methods to deal with some of the problems that such people face. The focus of this discussion is the case management approach that is applied in juvenile justice. Purpose and Goal of Juvenile Justice Case Management When juveniles are incarcerated or put behind bars for having committed crimes, this whole experience affects them mentally especially due to their tender age. The same also affects adult offenders. The purpose and goal of case management for both juveniles and adult offenders is to ensure that the experience they go through due to incarceration does not later lead to recidivism, mental disorders, or developmental problems (Robert, 2004, p. 76). Various programs have therefore been developed by the justice systems in various jurisdictions with the help of social workers and medical practitioners which focus on the holistic aspect of an individual. Being able to take a juvenile detainee through the crimin al justice system while applying these technique and ensures that they go back to the society unscathed is the challenge and thus responsibility of case management officials. Case Management Models There are two main models of case management. One of the models is strength based and focuses on the strengths and capabilities of a detained juvenile. This model puts much emphasis on those talents which the client has identified on his own and they are nurtured through the service and treatment plan adopted for him. Under this model the manager in charge of implementing the treatment plan on the client is expected to have great regard for the juvenile and that such a person has an inward ability to discover on their own the capabilities and talents that they may have (Grisso, 2005, p.98).Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The assertive model on the other hand is more forced on the client where services are delivered aggressively to the client. In this model, the managers in charge will have to go out of their way and seek out the clients so as to link them with offices that provide the treatment services that such a client may require. Necessary Elements for Effective Implementation of the Practice Traditionally, a case manager was viewed as a service broker whose main function was to search and broker for services much needed by his client. However, over time, there have been proposals to change this perception and come up with key elements that would ensure effective implementation of this practice. The include intake which involves creating a good relationship between the manager and the client and helping the client respond positively to the treatment plan. Assessment is another key element which involves a general evaluation of how well the client is responding to the treatment plan. Classification is yet another important element which involves classifying of fenders depending on the crimes committed so as to correctly establish which treatment plan best suits each juvenile offender (Ghezi Loughran, 2005, p.76). Referral is important and it is based on the needs of an individual client. Intervention is also crucial and involves identifying the needs of a client and matching them with the available treatment services. What then follows is monitoring to ensure that clients stick to the treatment programs for which they have been linked to. Evaluation is also important where the manager in charge of a client carries out an assessment to establish whether the client has been receiving the treatment services and whether they have benefited from the program (Krisberg Austin, 1993, p. 543). Advocacy involves recommendations that a manager may provide to help improve a certain treatment program. Solutions to Potential Problems Some of the solutions to challenges faced in implementing this practice would involve change of policies and laws whic h make it easy for case managers and clients to work together as well as make some mediation on behalf of the client. Different programs developed for offenders The various treatment programs available are developed with varying categories of offenders in mind. There are some programs that require that one client is handles by various managers. In such a case, every manager is assigned a role that is specific and different from the roles of other managers (Krisberg, 2005, p. 43).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile Justice Case Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Usually, the case managers, having carried out an assessment will determine which program best fits every individual offender. By classifying and developing the various programs, the needs of various young offenders who have mental health issues, history of abuse and drug addiction are met. Role of parents, schools and other specific servic e providers in cross-disciplinary treatment It has always been a challenge for most case managers to ensure continuity of the treatment services provided to offenders (Butts Roman, 2004, p, 56). This is because, once they have been released from custody, it is not always easy to follow up with them and ensure that they stick to the treatment plan. This is where the society at large comes in. Parents, schools and juvenile courts have been playing a contributory role in adding case managers look after these juveniles when they have been released back to the society. Chicago Area Project, New York City’s Mobilisation For Youth and Boston’s Mid-City Project The above named projects were all started with the aim and goals of helping rehabilitating juvenile offenders back into the society by helping them through the various treatment programs that were assigned to each. All these projects were community based in the sense that they came about as a joint venture of the commu nity. Success of the Projects These projects were a success as they helped provide accommodation for juveniles released from incarceration and who are still finding it hard to fit in a society that once condemned them as criminals. Through these projects, a great number of juvenile offenders have been transformed by being encouraged to attend their treatment programs. Conclusion Offenders, both juvenile and adult though they may have committed crimes against crimes must be treated in a way that will help them not go back to the same crimes that they committed once they have been released back to the society and thus the need to come up with case management models. References Butts, J. Roman, J. (2004). Juvenile drug courts and teen substance abuse. New York: The Urban Institute Ghezi, S. Loughran, E. (2005). Balancing juvenile justice. New York: Transaction PublishersAdvertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Grisso, T. (2005). Mental health screening and assessment and juvenile justice. California: Guilford Press Krisberg, B. Austin, J. (1993). Reinventing juvenile justice. London: Sage. Krisberg, B. (2005). Juvenile Justice: Redeeming our Children. London: Sage Robert, A. (2004). Juvenile justice sourcebook: past, present, and future. Michigan: Oxford University Press. This essay on Juvenile Justice Case Management was written and submitted by user Marisol U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

I wish I were…

I wish I were†¦ I wish I were I wish I were By Maeve Maddox A reader wonders whether to use was or were in the following examples: I wish I wereorI wish I was If only it wasor If only it were What is the rule?   With these examples, the choice is obvous because the words wish and if only make it clear that the speaker is talking about something that is not so. In such a case the subjunctive is called for: I wish I were If only it were Sometimes the choice whether to use the subjunctive or the indicative is not so clear. To a large extent, English speakers dont pay much attention to the subjunctive. As long ago as 1926 H.W. Fowler called the subjunctive in English moribund. He went further and suggested that it never was possible to draw up a consistent table of uses of the subjunctive in English that would correspond to such tables for Latin. Although the subjunctive is not a big deal in English, some uses of it are still alive and not difficult to master. Depending on context, the choice between indicative and subjunctive can be as obvious as the examples with wish and if only. If I were/if he were/if she were These forms are called for when the statement refers to a state outside reality: If he were Governor he could pardon you. (Hes not the Governor.) If I were you, Id fix that leaky roof. (Im not you.) If she were an animal, shed be an armadillo. (Shes not an animal.) If I was/if he was/if she was These forms are called for when the statement refers to a state of being that existed, or could have existed in actual time: If he was ill, no wonder he left the oysters untouched. If I was unkind to you in those days, please forgive me. If she was lost in the woods, no one can blame her for being late. Sometimes the speaker must decide according to intended meaning: If she were sensible, shed order a background check on him. (I know her and shes not sensible.) If she was sensible, shed order a background check on him. (I dont know if shes sensible or not. She may be.) In his DCBLOG, David Crystal gives this example overheard in conversation: A If Jane was right for the part, Id cast her. B But thats the point. Is she right? A Well if she were, Id cast her, thats all Im saying This example shows an intermingling of indicative and subjunctive to achieve nuances of meaning. Stated rule at OWL DWT article on Mood Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:75 Synonyms for â€Å"Angry†Five Spelling Rules for "Silent Final E"A Yes-and-No Answer About Hyphenating Phrases

Policy implications Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Policy implications - Research Paper Example In addition, there is a need to have staff selection and recruitment process put in place. This goes hand in hand with training and quality control process. Focusing on viability of the proposed program, there will a challenge to expand and develop the existing body of research evidence, so the effective elements of the cognitive behavioral models can be specified, and then used to improve the program models further.   Implementation of the programBefore implementation of the program at Birmingham Community Base Facility (female facility), interpreted time series design will be utilized. This will be used to strengthen before-and-after designs. Data will be collected at multiple instances over time before and after the intervention is introduced in order to detect whether the intrusion has an effect considerably greater than the existing programs. This design has an advantage in that it allows the statistical examination of possible biases in the approximation of the effect of the interventions. Some of the potential biases may include:Secular trend- the outcome may be in a way decreasing or decreasing with time. This can be in terms of having observations increasing before intervention and this can wrongfully attribute the experimental effect to the intrusion if a before-and-after study was to be performed. Duration of the intervention- it is possible that the intervention may have an effect for the first two or three months only after its introduction; data obtained yearly would not identify this effect.  ... It is also apparent that the policy makers and the directors will also have to assess how suitable the proposed program is to their clients and program environment. Another apparent program challenge is on how to promote technology transfer in order to make the program most effective model. For example, the policy makers and program directors will have to establish the suitable technology to employ in order to support the program. This may come in terms of assessing necessary software to be used by the program staff. In addition, there is a need to have staff selection and recruitment process put in place. This goes hand in hand with training and quality control process. Focusing on viability of the proposed program, there will a challenge to expand and develop the existing body of research evidence, so the effective elements of the cognitive behavioral models can be specified, and then used to improve the program models further. Implementation of the program Before implementation of the program at Birmingham Community Base Facility (female facility), interpreted time series design will be utilized. This will be used to strengthen before-and-after designs. Data will be collected at multiple instances over time before and after the intervention is introduced in order to detect whether the intrusion has an effect considerably greater than the existing programs. This design has an advantage in that it allows the statistical examination of possible biases in the approximation of the effect of the interventions. Some of the potential biases may include: Secular trend- the outcome may be in a way decreasing or decreasing with time. This can be in terms of having observations increasing before